线上的生产环境通常为 LNMP，当因为业务需求需要用到某些扩展包，而那个扩展包需要相应版本的 PHP 扩展的时候，就需要安装对应的 PHP 扩展。
编译安装扩展的方式都大同小异，这里就以安装 Yaf 框架的扩展为例，来演示如何编译安装 PHP 的扩展。
1. 进入 PHP 扩展的官网 。
2. 找到右上角的搜索框，输入 Yaf，下载最新版本的压缩包到服务器的指定目录。
[root@localhost src]# wget http://pecl.php.net/get/yaf-3.0.7.tgz--2018-12-17 00:06:28-- http://pecl.php.net/get/yaf-3.0.7.tgz正在解析主机 pecl.php.net (pecl.php.net)... 104.236.228.160正在连接 pecl.php.net (pecl.php.net)|104.236.228.160|:80... 已连接。已发出 HTTP 请求，正在等待回应... 200 OK长度：97140 (95K) [application/octet-stream]正在保存至: “yaf-3.0.7.tgz”100%[========================================================================================================>] 97,140 43.9KB/s 用时 2.2s 2018-12-17 00:06:32 (43.9 KB/s) - 已保存 “yaf-3.0.7.tgz” [97140/97140])[root@localhost src]# 3. 解压缩软件包。
[root@localhost src]# tar -zxvf yaf-3.0.7.tgz4. 配置、编译、安装
[root@localhost src]# cd yaf-3.0.7/[root@localhost yaf-3.0.7]# /usr/local/php/bin/phpize Configuring for:PHP Api Version: 20151012Zend Module Api No: 20151012Zend Extension Api No: 320151012[root@localhost yaf-3.0.7]# ./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-configchecking for grep that handles long lines and -e... /usr/bin/grepchecking for egrep... /usr/bin/grep -Echecking for a sed that does not truncate output... /usr/bin/sedchecking for cc... ccchecking whether the C compiler works... yeschecking for C compiler default output file name... a.outchecking for suffix of executables... checking whether we are cross compiling... nochecking for suffix of object files... ochecking whether we are using the GNU C compiler... yeschecking whether cc accepts -g... yeschecking for cc option to accept ISO C89... none neededchecking how to run the C preprocessor... cc -Echecking for icc... nochecking for suncc... nochecking whether cc understands -c and -o together... yeschecking for system library directory... libchecking if compiler supports -R... nochecking if compiler supports -Wl,-rpath,... yeschecking build system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnuchecking host system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnuchecking target system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnuchecking for PHP prefix... /usr/local/phpchecking for PHP includes... -I/usr/local/php/include/php -I/usr/local/php/include/php/main -I/usr/local/php/include/php/TSRM -I/usr/local/php/include/php/Zend -I/usr/local/php/include/php/ext -I/usr/local/php/include/php/ext/date/libchecking for PHP extension directory... /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20151012checking for PHP installed headers prefix... /usr/local/php/include/phpchecking if debug is enabled... nochecking if zts is enabled... nochecking for re2c... noconfigure: WARNING: You will need re2c 0.13.4 or later if you want to regenerate PHP parsers.checking for gawk... gawkchecking whether to enable yaf support... yes, sharedchecking PHP version... 7.0.32, okchecking for ld used by cc... /usr/bin/ldchecking if the linker (/usr/bin/ld) is GNU ld... yeschecking for /usr/bin/ld option to reload object files... -rchecking for BSD-compatible nm... /usr/bin/nm -Bchecking whether ln -s works... yeschecking how to recognize dependent libraries... pass_allchecking for ANSI C header files... yeschecking for sys/types.h... yeschecking for sys/stat.h... yeschecking for stdlib.h... yeschecking for string.h... yeschecking for memory.h... yeschecking for strings.h... yeschecking for inttypes.h... yeschecking for stdint.h... yeschecking for unistd.h... yeschecking dlfcn.h usability... yeschecking dlfcn.h presence... yeschecking for dlfcn.h... yeschecking the maximum length of command line arguments... 1572864checking command to parse /usr/bin/nm -B output from cc object... okchecking for objdir... .libschecking for ar... archecking for ranlib... ranlibchecking for strip... stripchecking if cc supports -fno-rtti -fno-exceptions... nochecking for cc option to produce PIC... -fPICchecking if cc PIC flag -fPIC works... yeschecking if cc static flag -static works... nochecking if cc supports -c -o file.o... yeschecking whether the cc linker (/usr/bin/ld -m elf_x86_64) supports shared libraries... yeschecking whether -lc should be explicitly linked in... nochecking dynamic linker characteristics... GNU/Linux ld.sochecking how to hardcode library paths into programs... immediatechecking whether stripping libraries is possible... yeschecking if libtool supports shared libraries... yeschecking whether to build shared libraries... yeschecking whether to build static libraries... nocreating libtoolappending configuration tag "CXX" to libtoolconfigure: creating ./config.statusconfig.status: creating config.h[root@localhost yaf-3.0.7]# [root@localhost yaf-3.0.7]# make && make install编译和安装的过程省略了.../bin/sh /usr/local/src/yaf-3.0.7/libtool --mode=install cp ./yaf.la /usr/local/src/yaf-3.0.7/modulescp ./.libs/yaf.so /usr/local/src/yaf-3.0.7/modules/yaf.socp ./.libs/yaf.lai /usr/local/src/yaf-3.0.7/modules/yaf.laPATH="$PATH:/sbin" ldconfig -n /usr/local/src/yaf-3.0.7/modules----------------------------------------------------------------------Libraries have been installed in: /usr/local/src/yaf-3.0.7/modulesIf you ever happen to want to link against installed librariesin a given directory, LIBDIR, you must either use libtool, andspecify the full pathname of the library, or use the `-LLIBDIR'flag during linking and do at least one of the following: - add LIBDIR to the `LD_LIBRARY_PATH' environment variable during execution - add LIBDIR to the `LD_RUN_PATH' environment variable during linking - use the `-Wl,--rpath -Wl,LIBDIR' linker flag - have your system administrator add LIBDIR to `/etc/ld.so.conf'See any operating system documentation about shared libraries formore information, such as the ld(1) and ld.so(8) manual pages.----------------------------------------------------------------------Build complete.Don't forget to run 'make test'.Installing shared extensions: /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20151012/[root@localhost yaf-3.0.7]# 5. 修改 PHP 配置文件，验证配置
由上面可知，扩展已经被安装到了 /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20151012/ 这个目录里面，接下来需要在 PHP 的配置文件中添加 Yaf 这个扩展。
vim /etc/php.ini846 847 ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;848 ; Dynamic Extensions ;849 ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;850 851 ; If you wish to have an extension loaded automatically, use the following852 ; syntax:853 ;854 ; extension=modulename.extension855 ;856 ; For example, on Windows:857 ;858 ; extension=msql.dll859 ;860 ; ... or under UNIX:861 ;862 ; extension=msql.so863 ;864 ; ... or with a path:865 ;866 ; extension=/path/to/extension/msql.so867 ;868 ; If you only provide the name of the extension, PHP will look for it in its869 ; default extension directory.870 ;871 ; Windows Extensions872 ; Note that ODBC support is built in, so no dll is needed for it.873 ; Note that many DLL files are located in the extensions/ (PHP 4) ext/ (PHP 5+)874 ; extension folders as well as the separate PECL DLL download (PHP 5+).875 ; Be sure to appropriately set the extension_dir directive.876 ;877 ;extension=php_bz2.dll878 ;extension=php_curl.dll879 ;extension=php_fileinfo.dll880 ;extension=php_ftp.dll在这块区域附近加入一行代码：
extension=yaf.so关闭配置文件,重启服务。
[root@localhost no-debug-non-zts-20151012]# service php-fpm restart Gracefully shutting down php-fpm . doneStarting php-fpm done在浏览器中查看 phpinfo，确认扩展是否安装成功。
至此，PHP的扩展安装结束。
