有时候，可能因为种种原因需要更换VPS的系统，而商家提供的系统很有限，亦或者商家提供的系统装了很多平时我们不需要的软件，这时我们就需要一个纯净的、可定义的系统了，那么，本篇文章将利用dd来给大家演示怎么进行VPS系统的重装。
dd命令的解释
dd命令是Linux下用指定大小的块拷贝一个文件，并在拷贝的同时进行指定的转换的一个命令。通过dd命令，我们可以将指定文件覆盖到指定位置，包括启动引导和内核等，这正是dd安装系统的核心。注意，此方法仅限于初始系统为Linux系统
开始之前的一些条件配置
为了顺利的进行，需要安装一些必要的软件，需在root用户下进行，如不在，请切换到root或者使用sudo
##Debian/Ubuntu系统apt-get updateapt-get install -y xz-utils openssl gawk file wget screen##RedHat/Centos系统yum updateyum install -y glibc-common xz openssl gawk file glibc-common wget screen
进入到screen模式，防止因连接、网络原因中断：
screen -S DD
适用于由GRUB引导的CentOS,Ubuntu,Debian等系统。
一、MoeClub版
1.下载及说明
wget --no-check-certificate -qO InstallNET.sh 'https://moeclub.org/attachment/LinuzShell/InstallNET.sh' && chmod a+x InstallNET.sh
Usage:
bash InstallNET.sh -d/--debian [dist-name] -u/--ubuntu [dist-name] -c/--centos [dist-version] -v/--ver [32/i386|64/amd64] --ip-addr/--ip-gate/--ip-mask -apt/-yum/--mirror -dd/--image -a/-m# dist-name: 发行版本代号# dist-version: 发行版本号# -apt/-yum/--mirror : 使用定义镜像# -a/-m : 询问是否能进入VNC自行操作. -a 为不提示(一般用于全自动安装), -m 为提示
2.使用方法
用默认镜像全自动安装bash InstallNET.sh -d 8 -v 64 -a#使用自定义镜像全自动安装bash InstallNET.sh -c 6.10 -v 64 -a --mirror 'http://mirror.centos.org/centos'# 以下示例中,将X.X.X.X替换为自己的网络参数.# --ip-addr :IP Address/IP地址# --ip-gate :Gateway /网关# --ip-mask :Netmask /子网掩码#使用自定义镜像全自动安装#bash InstallNET.sh -u 9 -v 64 -a --mirror 'http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian/'#使用自定义镜像自定义网络参数全自动安装#bash InstallNET.sh -u 16.04 -v 64 -a --ip-addr x.x.x.x --ip-gate x.x.x.x --mirror 'http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu'#使用自定义网络参数全自动dd方式安装#bash InstallNET.sh --ip-addr x.x.X.X --ip-gate x.X.X.X --ip-mask x.x.x.x -dd 'https : / /moeclub.org/onedrive/IMAGE/Windows/win7emb_x86.tar.gz#使用自定义网络参数全自动dd方式安装存储在谷歌网盘中的镜像(调用文件ID的方式)#bash InstallNET.sh --ip-addr x.x.X.X --ip-gate x.x.X.X --ip-mask x.x.x.x -dd "https : / / image.moeclub.org/GoogleDrive/1cqVl2wSGx92UTdhoxU9pW3wJgmvZMT_J'#国内推荐使用USTC源#――mirror 'http: / /mirrors.ustc.edu.cn / debian/ '
3.可用镜像地址
# 推荐使用带有 /GoogleDrive/ 链接, 速度更快.# 当然也可以使用自己GoogleDrive中储存的镜像,使用方式: https://image.moeclub.org/GoogleDrive/# win7emb_x86.tar.gz: https://image.moeclub.org/GoogleDrive/1srhylymTjYS-Ky8uLw4R6LCWfAo1F3s7 https://moeclub.org/onedrive/IMAGE/Windows/win7emb_x86.tar.gz# win8.1emb_x64.tar.gz: https://image.moeclub.org/GoogleDrive/1cqVl2wSGx92UTdhOxU9pW3wJgmvZMT_J https://moeclub.org/onedrive/IMAGE/Windows/win8.1emb_x64.tar.gz# win10ltsc_x64.tar.gz: https://image.moeclub.org/GoogleDrive/1OVA3t-ZI2arkM4E4gKvofcBN9aoVdneh https://moeclub.org/onedrive/IMAGE/Windows/win10ltsc_x64.tar.gz
4.说明
①.全自动安装默认root密码: MoeClub.org,安装完成后请立即更改密码
②.远程登陆账号为: Administrator ,远程登陆密码为: Vicer
③.建议通过加参数 -p 密码 的方式自定义密码
二、Meowlove版
1.使用方法
### 下载脚本
wget --no-check-certificate -qO ~/Network-Reinstall-System-Modify.shhttps://github.com/MeowLove/Network-Reinstall-system-Modify/raw/master/Network-Reinstall-system-Modify.sh & & chmod a+x ~/Network-Reinstall-System-Modify.sh
### 两种方案
#### 安装裸机系统部署平台#### 仅适用于高端用户，手动安装任意系统。可通过网络 ISO 或 iPXE 安装任意系统。bash ~/Network-Reinstall-System-Modify.sh -CXT_Bare-metal_System_Deployment_Platform#### 安装DD系统#### 如果您不了解这意味着什么，请不要进行操作。%ULR%应该替换为您自己的映像地址。bash ~/Network-Reinstall-System-Modify.sh -DD "%ULR%"
通用解决方案
一键网络重装纯净CentOS 7（推荐）bash ~/Network-Reinstall-System-Modify.sh -CentOS_7一键网络重装纯净Debian 9（推荐）bash ~/Network-Reinstall-System-Modify.sh -Debian_9一键网络重装纯净Ubuntu 18.04（推荐）bash ~/Network-Reinstall-System-Modify.sh -Ubuntu_18.04一键网络重装纯净Windows Server 2019（推荐）bash ~/Network-Reinstall-System-Modify.sh -Windows_Server_2019
2.说明
①注意：重复重装此系统前，在主机上面板重装一次系统，在一些主机商上安装的成功率似乎并不是很高。
②如果安装成功无法联网，vnc手动修改为静态ip:vi /etc/sysconfig/networkscripts/ifcfg-eth0 ，修改之后保存并重启：
BOOTPROTO=static #dhcp改为staticIPADDR=192.168.1.100 #静态IPGATEWAY=192.168.1.255 #默认网关NETMASK=255.255.255.0 #子网掩码
③默认系统账号:Administrator 默认系统密码:cxthhhhh.com 默认远程端口:3389
三、Teddysun 版
1.使用方法
wget -q0 DebianNET.sh qiu.sh/dd a& bash DebianNET.sh -dd "DD download URL"###后面跟的是dd包直链地址
2.镜像地址
https://delivery.yuntu.moe/teddysun/cn_windows2019.gzhttps://delivery.yuntu.moe/teddysun/en_windows2019.gzhttps://delivery.yuntu.moe/teddysun/ja_windows2019.gzhttps://delivery.yuntu.moe/teddysun/cn_windows2016.gzhttps://delivery.yuntu.moe/teddysun/en_windows2016.gzhttps://delivery.yuntu.moe/teddysun/ja_windows2016.gzhttps://delivery.yuntu.moe/teddysun/cn_windows2012r2.gzhttps://delivery.yuntu.moe/teddysun/en_windows2012r2.gzhttps://delivery.yuntu.moe/teddysun/ja_windows2012r2.gz
3.说明
远程桌面的默认用户名为administrator ，密码为Password147
四、汇总版
集合了Linux和WIN包，Linux版本包括CentOS6-7、Ubuntu 14 16 18、Debian 7-10，Windows系统集合了萌咖大佬、老司机、MeowLove等人的系统，包含win7 2003 2006 2012 2008 2016 2019等，同时也支持自定义。
使用方法
##镜像文件在OneDrivewget -N --no-check-certificate https://raw.githubusercontent.com/veip007/dd/master/dd-od.sh && chmod +x dd-od.sh && ./dd-od.sh##镜像文件在GoogleDrivewget -N --no-check-certificate https://raw.githubusercontent.com/veip007/dd/master/dd-gd.sh && chmod +x dd-gd.sh && ./dd-gd.sh
码:MoeClub.org或cxthhhhh.com
Windows to Linux的系统重装教程
- 把下面的命令保存为win32loader.bat后执行即可：
@ECHO OFF&@PUSHD %~DP0 &TITLE Win32Loadersetlocal enabledelayedexpansion::Author MoeClub.orgcolor 87cd.>%windir%\GetAdminif exist %windir%\GetAdmin (del /f /q "%windir%\GetAdmin") else (echo CreateObject^("Shell.Application"^).ShellExecute "%~s0", "%*", "", "runas", 1 >> "%temp%\Admin.vbs""%temp%\Admin.vbs"del /s /q "%temp%\Admin.vbs"exit /b 2)clsecho * Init Win32Loader.set download=0set try_download=1set URL=https://moeclub.org/attachment/WindowsSoftware:InitCheckmkdir "%SystemDrive%\win32-loader" >NUL 2>NULif exist "%SystemDrive%\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell" (set use_ps=1) else (set use_ps=0echo Not found PowerShell.):Initif %use_ps% equ 1 (goto InitIt) else (goto InitFail):InitItset try_download=0call:DownloadFile "!URL!/g2ldr/g2ldr","%SystemDrive%\g2ldr"call:DownloadFile "!URL!/g2ldr/g2ldr.mbr","%SystemDrive%\g2ldr.mbr"call:DownloadFile "!URL!/g2ldr/grub.cfg","%SystemDrive%\win32-loader\grub.cfg"goto InitDone:InitFailecho.echo Go to "!URL!/g2ldr",echo Please download them by yourself.echo '%SystemDrive%\g2ldr'echo '%SystemDrive%\g2ldr.mbr'echo '%SystemDrive%\win32-loader\grub.cfg'echo Press [ENTER] when you finished.pause >NUL 2>NULgoto InitDone:InitDoneif !try_download! equ 0 (set InitOption=InitFail) else (set InitOption=Init)if not exist "%SystemDrive%\g2ldr" goto !InitOption!if not exist "%SystemDrive%\g2ldr.mbr" goto !InitOption!if not exist "%SystemDrive%\win32-loader\grub.cfg" goto !InitOption!:Imageecho.echo * Please select initrd mode.echo [1] Online downloadecho [2] Local filechoice /n /c 12 /m Select:if errorlevel 2 goto LocalModeif errorlevel 1 goto OnlineModegoto Image:OnlineModeecho.echo * Please select source.echo [1] by MoeClub [Linux](Debian8, DHCP or VNC Support)echo [2] by MoeClub [Windows](Win7EMB, DHCP or VNC Support)echo [3] by MoeClub [Windows](Win8.1EMB, DHCP or VNC Support)echo [4] by yourselfchoice /n /c 1234 /m Select:if errorlevel 4 goto Yourselfif errorlevel 3 goto MoeClub_Win8.1EMBif errorlevel 2 goto MoeClub_Win7EMBif errorlevel 1 goto MoeClubgoto OnlineMode:Yourselfecho.echo if 'initrd.img' URL is 'https://moeclub.org/onedrive/IMAGE/Loader/DebianJessie/initrd.img', echo Please input 'https://moeclub.org/onedrive/IMAGE/Loader/DebianJessie'.set /p IMG_URL_TMP=URL :if defined IMG_URL_TMP (set IMG_URL=%IMG_URL_TMP%goto Download) else (goto MoeClub):MoeClub_Win8.1EMBset IMG_URL=https://moeclub.org/onedrive/IMAGE/Loader/Win8.1EMBset INITRD_SHA1=473617320316CCB5A88EDE72CBA6AF501B148071set VMLINUZ_SHA1=C84BF89869868B0325F56F1C0E62604A83B9443Fgoto Download:MoeClub_Win7EMBset IMG_URL=https://moeclub.org/onedrive/IMAGE/Loader/Win7EMBset INITRD_SHA1=C1BF2A50802BC23A7EC7373AB4CB8F5A905D5860set VMLINUZ_SHA1=C84BF89869868B0325F56F1C0E62604A83B9443Fgoto Download:MoeClubset IMG_URL=https://moeclub.org/onedrive/IMAGE/Loader/DebianJessieset INITRD_SHA1=934CFCD5DC855F360AE72AFCB8E6276FABFBCDD5set VMLINUZ_SHA1=C84BF89869868B0325F56F1C0E62604A83B9443Fgoto Download:Downloadif %use_ps% equ 1 (echo.echo Downloading 'initrd.img'...call:DownloadFile "!IMG_URL!/initrd.img","%SystemDrive%\win32-loader\initrd.img"call:CheckFile "%SystemDrive%\win32-loader\initrd.img"call:CheckSUM "%SystemDrive%\win32-loader\initrd.img","%INITRD_SHA1%"echo Downloading 'vmlinuz'...call:DownloadFile "!IMG_URL!/vmlinuz","%SystemDrive%\win32-loader\vmlinuz"call:CheckFile "%SystemDrive%\win32-loader\vmlinuz"call:CheckSUM "%SystemDrive%\win32-loader\vmlinuz","%VMLINUZ_SHA1%"set download=1) else (echo Not support online download, auto change Local initrd.goto LocalMode):LocalModeif !download! equ 0 (echo.echo Please put 'initrd.img' and 'vmlinuz' to '%SystemDrive%\win32-loader' .echo Press [ENTER] when you finished.pause >NUL 2>NUL):Done0set download=0if exist "%SystemDrive%\win32-loader\initrd.img" (goto Done1) else (echo Not found '%SystemDrive%\win32-loader\initrd.img' .goto LocalMode):Done1set download=0if exist "%SystemDrive%\win32-loader\vmlinuz" (goto Done) else (echo Not found '%SystemDrive%\win32-loader\vmlinuz' .goto LocalMode):Doneecho.echo Press [ENTER] to continue...echo IT WILL REBOOT IMMEDIATELYpause >NUL 2>NULecho.call:CheckFile "%SystemDrive%\g2ldr"call:CheckFile "%SystemDrive%\g2ldr.mbr"call:CheckFile "%SystemDrive%\win32-loader\grub.cfg"call:CheckFile "%SystemDrive%\win32-loader\initrd.img"call:CheckFile "%SystemDrive%\win32-loader\vmlinuz"call:CheckSUM "%SystemDrive%\g2ldr","2FCB1009A64C127AD3CC39FF0B5E068B38CBA772"call:CheckSUM "%SystemDrive%\g2ldr.mbr","29401C8BC951F0AEFD30DC370A3797D1055D64B4"call:CheckSUM "%SystemDrive%\win32-loader\grub.cfg","58C499EFEE7E60790B3FE2166B536C04B6717B14"set id={ 01234567-89ab-cdef-fedc-ba9876543210}bcdedit /create %id% /d "Debian GUN/Linux" /application bootsector >NUL 2>NULbcdedit /set %id% device partition=%SystemDrive% >NUL 2>NULbcdedit /set %id% path \g2ldr.mbr >NUL 2>NULbcdedit /displayorder %id% /addlast >NUL 2>NULbcdedit /bootsequence %id% /addfirst >NUL 2>NULshutdown -r -t 0:CheckSUMfor /f "delims=: tokens=2" %%i in ('powershell.exe "& { Get-FileHash -Algorithm SHA1 -Path %1|Format-List -Property HASH}"') do (set tmp_var=%%i)set var=%tmp_var:~1%if "%var%" == %2 (echo Check %1 SHA1 OK.) else (if "%var%" == "CommandNotFoundException" (echo Check %1 SHA1 SKIP.) else (echo Check %1 SHA1 FAIL.call:ErrorExit))GOTO:EOF:CheckFileif not exist %1 (echo Not found %1 .call:ErrorExit)GOTO:EOF:DownloadFilepowershell.exe -command "& { $client = new-object System.Net.WebClient; $client.DownloadFile('%1','%2')}" >NUL 2>NULGOTO:EOF:ErrorExitecho. echo Error, Clear CACHE...del /S /F /Q "%SystemDrive%\g2ldr" >NUL 2>NULdel /S /F /Q "%SystemDrive%\g2ldr.mbr" >NUL 2>NULrd /S /Q "%SystemDrive%\win32-loader" >NUL 2>NULecho Press [ENTER] to exit.pause >NUL 2>NULexit 1GOTO:EOF管理员身份打开命令提示符，执行
slmgr /skms kms.03k.org #也可以更换为其它的 KMS 激活服务器。
slmgr /ato
slmgr /xpr
